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CONTINENTAL AFRICA WATER INVESTMENT SUPPORT PROGRAM (AIP) ON TRANSBOUNDARY WATER INVESTMENT PROJECTS: INTEGRATED TRANSBOUNDARY AND REGIONAL INVESTMENTS IN WATER-HEALTH-ENERGY-FOOD SECURITY (WHEF).

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Project Title	CONTINENTAL AFRICA WATER INVESTMENT SUPPORT PROGRAM (AIP) ON TRANSBOUNDARY WATER INVESTMENT PROJECTS: INTEGRATED TRANSBOUNDARY AND REGIONAL INVESTMENTS IN WATER-HEALTH-ENERGY-FOOD SECURITY (WHEF).
PIDA Sector	Trans-boundary Water
PIDA Sub-sector	Multipurpose Dams, Water Transfer, Regulatory Dams, Irrigation Dams, Water Management Information Systems, Water Supply and Sanitation Infrastructure (Other)
Member States	Benin, Cameroon, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia
Region	Western Africa, Central Africa, Northern Africa, Eastern Africa, Southern Africa
Beneficiary Countries	Angola, Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Eswatini, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Regional Economic Community	Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)
Project Institution	1. Benin: Ministry in charge of Mines and Water, General Directorate of Water, 2. Uganda: Ministry of Water and Environment / Directorate of Water Resources Management 3. SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa, 4. Zambia: Ministry of Water Development, Sanitation & Environmental Protection-Department of Water Resources development, 5. Economic Community for Central African States (ECCAS) 6. African Ministers Council on Water (AMCOW) 7. Global Water Partnership Africa Coordination Unit (GWPSA NPC)

Alignement stratégique et engagement régional

Source in the National Master Plan	Water Infrastructure and Water Resource Management Water Master Plans, IWRM Strategies and IWRM Plans for Benin, Cameroon, Uganda, Tunisia and Zambia.
Source in the REC Master Plan	Water Infrastructure and Water Resource Management in the Regional IWRM Strategies and IWRM Plans for the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS); Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD); Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS); and, Southern Africa Development Community (SADC).
Brief Description of the Project	The Continental Africa Investment Support Programme (AIP)’s Transboundary Water Investment Sub-program will support specific priority projects identified by Members States and submitted as part of the continental Africa Water Investment Programme from Members States in all sub-regions of Africa. Members states that have been included in the first phase with specific projects include Benin, Cameroon, Uganda, Tunisia and Zambia as well regional institutions by the ECCAS and SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development of Southern Africa. Specific descriptions of each project is listed in the following section. In addition to accelerating the preparation of specific identified projects, the AIP’s Transboundary Water Investment programme will support interventions to enhance the enabling environment for accelerated planning, preparation and financing of transboundary and regional Water-Health-Energy–Food (WHEF) nexus projects that foster the integrated corridor approach for regional infrastructure development. The programme also provides support to AUDA-NEPAD in addressing the institutional barriers and bottlenecks identified during the PIDA PAP 1 accounting for the slow progress in preparation of PIDA PAP 1 Water Sector Projects i.e. low capacity for project preparation; lack of financing, including PPP; lack of clear institutional arrangements for implementing the PAP, including lack of clarity on the role of the RECs, LRBOs, and Member States. The AIP will build on and complement the PIDA delivery instruments such as the PIDA Regional Integration, Infrastructure and Trade Program (RIITP) instruments: Service Delivery Mechanism (SDM), Continental Business Network (CBN), Policy and Regulatory Instruments, M&E reporting system/ Virtual PIDA information Centre (VPiC), and the Project Preparation Facility Network (PPFN). Project implementation will be led by specific project owners in collaboration with AUDA-NEPAD, AMCOW, GWP Africa. The GWP Africa Regional GWP offices across Africa will support AUDA-NEPAD to mobilise, catalyse and accelerate project preparation of the priority projects in the continental AIP transboundary programme. Other new projects will be added during the implementation in accordance with the PIDA PAP 2 rolling process for PIDA PAP 2 projects. This approach will ensure that more countries benefit and are address to the AIP transboundary continental programme.
Objective and Rationale for the Project	The project’ s main objective is support the creation of an enabling environment for accelerated planning, preparation and financing of transboundary and regional water-health-energy–food nexus projects that foster the integrated corridor approach for regional infrastructure development. The project will advance job creation through project preparation and financing of integrated gender sensitive investments in transboundary water and hydropower projects that foster the water-health-energy-food nexus and address constraints in policy, governance and institutional capacity bottlenecks. The project will initially be anchored in five African countries from each Sub-region as follows: West Africa (Benin), Central Africa (Cameroon), Eastern Africa (Uganda), North Africa (Tunisia) and Southern Africa (Zambia). The number of countries will be expanded in each sub-regional with the objective of benefiting more African countries through lessons, knowledge exchange and capacity building at the regional and continental level. The AIP will also provide a continental platform for PIDA PAP II prioritized projects to be supported with cross-regional and continental knowledge exchange, capacity building, resource mobilization, and targeted support to unlock bottlenecks and accelerate preparation of water projects to bankability including implementation of the regional corridor and water –energy-food nexus approach. Across Africa, inadequate investments flows into new and ongoing transboundary or regional integrated water project pipelines reflect an investment context where governance, policy and institutional capacity bottlenecks are getting in the way of the project preparation and management cycle, stifling investments into water projects and access to finance, and slowing down the implementation of transboundary projects. Despite the high level national, regional and continental ownership and approved lists of priority national and transboundary water projects and the potential for public and private finance to finance infrastructure, the actual pace of investment in transboundary water projects has been very slow, hampering progress needed to achieve the continent’s economic growth aspirations and 2030 SDG targets. There is limited capacity within the regions for preparation and structuring of transboundary and regional water infrastructure projects that stimulate transformative and inclusive economic growth while achieving sustainable and inclusive socio-economic development to address the root causes of migration and youth unemployment. In addition, most water projects do not advance to bankability due to inadequate and inconsistent national policies, regulations, and norms among countries that share borders and regional infrastructure ambitions, insufficient consultations and coordination for advancing cooperation agreements, including limited institutional capacities, has hampered the fulfilment of the ambition for scaling up joint integrated infrastructure development. The project’ main aim is to accelerate the preparation of priority regional Water-Health-Energy-Food nexus projects in Africa’s economic development corridors by supporting the creation of the enabling environment for the advancement of the project, via addressing policy, governance and institutional capacity bottlenecks. The project will initially be anchored in five African countries from each Sub-region as follows: West Africa (Benin), Central Africa (Cameroon), Eastern Africa (Uganda), North Africa (Tunisia) and Southern Africa (Zambia). The number of countries will be expanded in each sub-regional with the objective of benefiting more African countries through lessons, knowledge exchange and capacity building at the regional and continental level. The AIP will also provide a continental platform for PIDA PAP II prioritized projects to be supported with cross-regional and continental knowledge exchange, capacity building, resource mobilization, and targeted support to unlock bottlenecks and accelerate preparation of water projects to bankability including implementation of the regional corridor and water –energy-food nexus approach. The projects that the program will initially focus on include: 1. Development project for large multi-purpose hydroelectric dams on the Ouémé river (Benin) This WEF nexus project aims to build, develop and operate 3 multi-purpose hydroelectric dams for hydroelectric production, hydro-agricultural production (irrigation, farming and fishing), drinking water supply (DWS) and the regulation of floods on sites located on the Ouémé river in Dogo-bis (municipalities of Kétou and Dassa), in Vossa (municipalities of Ouèssè and Glazoué) and in Bétérou (municipality of Tchaourou). This will result in the estimated: i. Production of 207 MW (55% of the national hydroelectric potential) and 708 GWh (64% of the national potential and 22% of the energy demand by 2025) including 160 GWh of additional energy due to the dam cascade, which offers opportunities for a cascade re-design to re-turbine water from upsatream (i.e. 23% of “free” additional energy). ii. Production of about 748,379 tonnes of food through the irrigation of nearly 27,536 ha of crops, rearing of 456,000 head of cattle, and aquaculture in 13,233 ha of reservoir water. iii. the supply 9.7 million m3 of drinking water (3.8 million people and 125 million m3, 25 years from 2022). iv. 88% of recurrent flood mitigation capacity in the Ouémé valley accompanied by a reduction in the cost of loss and damage relating thereto of approximately 33.4, million USD approximately across 13 municipalities. 2. Enhancing sustainable water, energy and food security in central Africa in a changing climate through the implementation of a nexus approach (ECCAS region initially starting with Cameroon, and to benefit other countries in the region-Chad, Congo, RCA, Sao Tome and Principe) The overall objective of the project is to create an enabling environment that will drive cross-sectoral engagement and implementation of the nexus approach in investment projects that will contribute in enhancing water, food and energy security in Central Africa and hence sustainable socio-economic development and regional integration of the Central African region. The specific objectives of the project will be to: (i) raise awareness and build capacity of sectoral authorities and stakeholders on the WEF nexus and on nexus investment planning and project preparation, leading to the identification of nexus priority projects and of pilot projects/countries to demonstrate nexus approach in a subsequent phase of this project; (ii) Develop a nexus operational framework/strategy with a plan of action to facilitate nexus investment and enhance the enabling environment by promoting policy alignment and coordination in WEF sectors at country and regional levels in Central Africa. (iii) Develop a detailed fundable nexus project document for Central Africa to operationalize the framework/strategy to be implemented in a subsequent phase of this project. The type of nexus investments targeted will include notably multi-purpose dams and infrastructure schemes to mobilize groundwater with using renewable energy sources. Other types of nexus investments to focus on will be identified with the stakeholders. The strategy to be used in this project will be to develop a planning framework that will be ready to go for implementation and that will be endorsed by key stakeholders. This will be achieved through: awareness raising and consultation of the stakeholders; capacity-building, analytical work, and development of the planning framework. The strategy will build on a dual geographical approach, with a regional process building on and feeding into national-level processes. The national processes will concern the following five countries: Cameroon, Chad, Congo, RCA, Sao Tome and Principe. The presence of Country Water Partnerships in these countries will provide the foundation for stakeholder engagement and mobilization of experts. 3. Demonstrating tangibles of upgraded hydrological monitoring systems-flood management, Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus and promoting related Employability & Entrepreneurship options (Tunisia) The Project aim is to increase local natural resources efficiency in Tunisia while promoting employability and entrepreneurship for Youth & Women in in upgraded hydrological monitoring systems-flood management and WEFE Nexus/ Non-Conventional Water Resources (NCWR) fields, while replicating good practices. A key project outcome is to enable local stakeholders to tangibly benefit from multi-sectorial efficiency approaches through implementation of upgraded hydrological monitoring, WEFE Nexus/NCWR pilot technical solutions, and prioritizing further such interventions through fit-for-purpose technical and financing options towards local benefits. These include the standardization of the national monitoring network for hydrological data to align the WMO requirements in terms of quality assessment and standards, the development of the exchange platform with the different stakeholders in management of the extreme events (flash floods, inundations, etc.), the development of required hydrological products and services in the framework of the FEWS (Flood Early Warning System for Inundation), by promoting the flood forecasting in the national scale, the strengthening of national and regional capacity for hydrological and hydro-meteorological data gathering, monitoring analysis and modelling. The second outcome focuses on Tunisia youth, with emphasis on females, being assisted towards employment and entrepreneurship opportunities in WEFE Nexus/NCWR fields, and the third outcome on increasing understanding on integrated WEFE Nexus/NCWR, WEM, gender and youth options through knowledge sharing and media engagement. 4. SADC Regional Water Fund Investment Programme (SADC Water Fund AIP) Hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) on behalf of the SADC Secretariat, The SADC Regional Water Fund’s objective is to strengthen project preparation in the SADC water sector and strengthen the coordinating function of SADC is supporting member’s states to access finance and develop water infrastructure. The SADC Regional Water Fund Investment programme will scale up and accelerate preparation, financing and implementation prioritized projects in the region focusing on three interrelated areas (i) Climate resilience hydrological and informational systems for water (ii) Resilient cities and water utilities (iii) cross-border water supply and sanitation services in regional development corridors including fostering a water-energy-food nexus and regional corridor approach. The regional investment programme will include a rolling project portfolio with different projects added to the programme to ultimately benefit all SADC member’s states in line with the mandate of the SADC Water Fund. Initial projects will include SADC Hydrological Information System, the Climate-proofed water and sanitation system for the SADC’s North-South Transport Corridor border town of Livingstone, Kazungula and other projects to be added on a rolling basis. i. Climate Resilient Systems for SADC Water Sector: SADC Hydrological Information System (SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa including the Climate-proofed water and sanitation system for the SADC’s North-South Transport Corridor border town of Livingstone (SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa • (4a) Climate Resilient Systems for SADC Water Sector: SADC Hydrological Information System (SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa - Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe) Since 1980, climate disasters have impacted ~142 million people in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. These disasters are becoming increasingly frequent and intense as a result of climate change; as shown by tropical cyclones Idai and Kenneth in early 2019. These events wreaked havoc in Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Madagascar and the Comoros, leaving over 1000 people dead as well as hundreds of thousands without shelter and in need of aid of more than $2 billion. In addition to immediate medical and housing needs of affected countries, urgent measures are needed to restore and install appropriate hydrological, early-warning and climate information infrastructure across the SADC region. The proposed programme promotes a regional approach to respond to climate hazards and targets 16 SADC countries. This would bolster the SADC Hydrological Cycle Observation System (SADC-HYCOS) programme implemented by SADC and WMO between 1994 and 2013 and improve resilience of SADC countries through: i) repairing and upgrading monitoring equipment; ii) providing capacity development for hydrological analysis; iii) implementing regional hydrological database systems; and iv) developing contextually-appropriate, accessible information products. This later aspect will be covered by implementing a regional Hydrological Status and Outlook System (WMO HydroSOS) The proposed programme promotes a regional approach to respond to climate hazards and targets 16 SADC countries. Drawing on its mandate to mobilise resources for water in the SADC region and building on the SADC Hydrological Information System, the SADC Water Fund will also further develop the AIP in the SADC region to mobilise water investments to benefit all SADC member’s states in line with the SADC Water Fund’s mandate. The support will include targeted interventions such as the climate proofing of the SADC’s North-South Transport Corridor border town of Livingstone described in the project below. • (4b) Climate-proofed water and sanitation system for the SADC’s North-South Transport Corridor border town of Livingstone (SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa - Zambia). In addition to improving the SADC Hydrological Information System in the SADC region, the SADC Water Fund will support the Climate-proofing of water and sanitation system in the SADC North-South Transport Corridor in Livingstone, Zambia through the Kazungula border post that provides the connection between the regional centers of economic activity and the link to ports which handle essentially all exports and imports from Botswana and Zambia and the rest of SADC member countries. It is expected that when the Kazungula bridge under construction is completed, this will ensure free movement and trade and consequently high traffic volumes as the bridge will provide the shortest route to and from the southern ports of Durban in South Africa and Walvis Bay in Namibia to Zambia and the Copper belt region in DRC. Livingstone is an important border town connecting Kazungula and Lusaka, and essential water supply and sanitation will need to be adequate in the face of the expected increased demand. The objective of the proposed project is to climate-proof the Livingstone Water Supply & Sanitation by ensuring that: i) water supply is not interrupted as a result of climate-change induced variations in river level; ii) vulnerable population groups in Livingstone have access to safe water sources and adequate sanitation in the face of the impacts of climate change; and iii) the Livingstone WSS is less exposed to climate-vulnerable electricity sources. The secondary objective of the proposed project is to reduce the emissions of the Livingstone WSS through the introduction of methane capture. 5. Zambia Water Resources Infrastructure Development Project (Zambia) Zambia Water Resources Infrastructure Development Project responds to 2 pillars in Zambia’s 7th National Development Plan i.e. Economic Diversification and Job Creation; and, enhancing Human Development. The project seeks to increase the national capacity for water harvesting in order to enhance social-economic development and improvement in human welfare through greater access to water. The specific objectives comprise (i) reduction in economic water scarcity by investment in water resources infrastructure management and development; and (ii) reduction in institutional water scarcity through human and institutional capacity development by focusing on improving working environments, appropriate training, and state of the art equipment to enhance capacity at the national and regional level to address the challenges of water resources management in Zambia. Social and gender issues are an integral part and as a general principle social inclusion and gender mainstreaming would be integrated in the program design, implementation, and monitoring. It will comprise of 4 components: i. the Water resources infrastructure development component ill focus on the development and rehabilitation of climate resilient water resources infrastructure small/medium dams, weirs, gabions, irrigation schemes, livestock watering facilities, water supply schemes and other small civil works intended to retain water, reduce erosion, enhance recharge and ensure productive application; ii. The Water resources management component will focus on Water shed management training for rural communities with a focus on women; iii. the Institutional support and capacity building component will focus on development and implementation of an integrated Monitoring and Evaluation framework for the Zambian Water Sector and the Ministry; and, iv. the Project Management component will focus on provision for technical support, training, goods, and incremental operating costs to facilitate smooth and effective program implementation.It will be implemented in 3 phases: a planning, preparation and programme development phase; followed by a soft investment phase which will consist of mostly human and institutional capacity development with some limited hard investments and finally a hard investment phase which will consist of mostly economic and social water resource infrastructure development (both green and grey). 6. Strengthening Drought Resilience for Smallholder Farmers and Pastoralists in the IGAD Region (Uganda, Djibouti, Kenya, Sudan) The frequency of rainfall deficit periods characterizing the IGAD region since the 1980s has increased. This has negatively affected the local populations whose livelihoods rely mainly on agriculture, livestock, forest resources, water, wetlands, etc. The overall objective of the project is to increase the resilience of smallholder farmers and pastoralists to climate change risks mainly those related to drought, through the establishment of appropriate early warning systems and implementation of drought adaptation actions in the IGAD region. Specific objectives of the project are to:  Develop and promote regional investments in drought early warning systems (EWS) and improving the existing ones  Strengthen and improve the capacity of key stakeholders in drought risk management at regional, national and local levels  Facilitate smallholder farmers and pastoralists with inputs to undertake innovative adaptation actions that reinforce their resilience to drought  Enhance knowledge management and information sharing on drought resilience. 7. Enhancing resilience of communities to climate change through catchment based integrated management of water and related resources in Uganda (Uganda) The overall objective of the project is to increase the resilience of communities to the risk of floods and landslides of Awoja, Maziba and Aswa Catchments through promoting catchment based integrated, equitable and sustainable management of water and related resources. The project will contribute towards addressing the critical challenges related to natural resources management and sustainable socio-economic development without destroying the environment which is the major source of income for many livelihoods. The holistic approach of the project is designed in a more integrated way to support communities in the three catchments in their efforts to increase their resilience to the impacts of the changing climate, and be better prepared to respond to the impacts of climate change. Specific objectives of the project are to: i. Increase the resilience of ecosystems by supporting the development and implementation of catchment based and community driven actions for sustainable management of natural systems including forests, wetlands, riverbanks and lakeshores in Awoja, Aswa and Maziba catchments ii. Increase the resilience of agricultural landscapes by supporting stakeholders and communities in the development and implementation of sustainable water harvesting, soil bio-physical and flood control structures. iii. Increase resilience of other livelihood systems by promoting new and off-farm activities through facilitating credit and market access. iv. Build the capacity of extension services and institutions at local, catchment, water management zone and national level to better support local stakeholders. Higher level capacity building to integrate climate change adaptation in national and sector-wide development plans and strategies. 8. Support to PIDA PAP 2 priority Water projects on governance, knowledge exchange and capacity development including international Water Law training in transboundary treatise and negotiations to enhance Africa’s capacity on project preparation (Uganda, IGAD) In addition to supporting prioritized concrete projects and promoting a nexus approach, in the members’ states, the Africa Water Investment program will also support priority PIDA PAP 2 water projects on governance, knowledge exchange and capacity development including international Water Law training in transboundary treaties and negotiations to enhance Africa’s capacity on project preparation. The programme will support AUDA-NEPAD, RECs, RBOs and countries in all or some of the following actions related to enhancing the PIDA Quality label score for Infrastructure Project Preparation for PIDA PAP II Water projects. International Water Law Capacity Development Building capacity for practitioners of transboundary water, particularly of river/lake basin organizations, is crucial in achieving the goals and objectives prioritized among African nations. One of the key bottlenecks identified in moving investment projects forward include lack of negotiation skills and understandings for international water law. The project will build on previous Pan-Africa Water Governance and International Water Law trainings since 2015. The training has built capacity of numerous transboundary water practitioners, and has been replicated by some of the African institutions. A post-training participant survey indicates direct application of skills learnt from the training. Among others, these applications include: • Development of IGAD Regional Water Protocol, the Republic of Chad’s accession to the UN Water Convention, • ORASECOM Agreement review process, • development of Volta Basin Water Charter, • and the development of a Master Plan for Water Development and Management (for the International Commission of the Congo Basin. Building on the success and lessons from previous International Water Law Training, and the urgency to accelerate the preparation and financing of transboundary water projects, a capacity development programme will be implemented to facilitate transboundary water investments in Africa, and to support PIDA Water within the framework of the AIP. The objective of the proposed training program is to build capacity of transboundary water practitioners in Africa, allowing them to better implement transboundary water resources management and development programmes, especially those related to investments. These investments include information, institutions and infrastructure (including green infrastructure). Through fostering partnership development, the initiative also aims to encourage replication of the training, thus providing opportunities for building capacity of a wider audience. The partnership arrangements will also provide a mechanism for follow-on application of the skills learnt during the training. The AIP to PIDA PAP 2 priority Water projects on governance, knowledge exchange and capacity development including international Water will be undertaken within the framework of the AIP with three 3 components: Catalysing early stage preparation of regional and transboundary bankable projects to ensure investment readiness. i. Supporting the mobilization of regional commitment and a shared vision for each project ii. Supporting institutional development of RBOs and Member States to strengthen capacity for early stage preparation of each project, including project reviews and procurement iii. Providing technical support for improving the business case for each project, and motivate for financing and technical resources for early stage preparation b. Mobilising partnerships and capacity for strategic planning and development of integrated project pipelines for sustainable & inclusive regional economic growth i. Mapping regional practices, policies and capacities for project cycle management against requirements for efficiency & delivery on each identified transboundary water project. ii. Increasing RBOs, RECs and MS capacity for transboundary water governance: integrated infrastructure project planning & prioritization, transboundary cooperation and international water law, in response to project specific identified gaps. iii. Developing knowledge and analytics on the enabling environment for transboundary & regional Water–Health-Energy-Food investments and develop best practices standards and guidelines c. Supporting accelerated access to finance & transaction management, and agile learning for adaptive management in project implementation, monitoring and evaluation i. Undertaking regional and transboundary-level investment portfolio opportunity analyses to maximise integration and socioeconomic benefit sharing aspects of the identified projects using the WHEF nexus framework, and evaluate risks and trade-off ii. Supporting the accelerated preparation and financing of the identified integrated transboundary projects iii. Establishing M&E systems and experiential learning frameworks during project implementation
Location/Site	Djibouti, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda, Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, RCA, Sao Tome and Principe The location of each of the projects supported by the Africa Water Investment Programme in each country is provided in the attached project summary.
Image/Map Files	Map-of-Continental-programme-countries.png
Existing or Planned Projects along the proposed project	The project serves a planned infrastructure asset of another sector, but there is more than 50% overlap in the geography serviced by the proposed project and the other sector planned asset.
Please provide more details for your choice above	The Africa Water Investment Programme serves as a supporting and complementary vehicle to the AU and AUDA-NEPAD to aid delivery on three key aspects in the transboundary water project preparation and advancement. i. Mobilising partnerships to build capacity and regional commitment for selected integrated, multipurpose projects: Support the creation of an enabling transboundary water governance and policy environment for the development of PIDA & other transboundary Water-Health-Energy-Food nexus projects to optimize benefit sharing and inclusivity; ii. Catalysing bankable regional and transboundary early project preparation: assist in early stage preparation of selected PIDA PAP 2 and other transboundary regional projects; including capacity building of RBOs, RECs & Member States for managing the project preparation and implementation cycle; iii. Supporting the development of innovative partnerships for accelerated access to finance & transaction management, e.g. via impact investors.
Technical Specifications of the Project	1. Development project for large multi-purpose hydroelectric dams on the Ouémé river (Benin) Beterou: A 2015 study sized the Beterou reservoir at a total volume of 1,180 million cubic meters of water and a useful volume of 1,157 million cubic meters of water. The dam consists of an embankment 8,575 m long, BCR 337 m long, and a rockfill 484 m long, for a total of 9,396 m. The spillway is located on the left bank slope at mid-height and sized to evacuate the 10,000-year design flood of 1750 m3/s. The water intake, the hydraulic circuit, and the hydroelectric plant are located on the right bank. The water intake has 3 openings, each supplies a vertical axis production group equipped with a KAPLAN turbine (unit flow 49.5 m3 /s, unit power 9.4 MW). Power is evacuated via a single 161 kV line to the 161/63 kV substation in Parakou. Vossa: A study carried out in 2016 sized the dam capacity at 580 million m3 of water under an RN rating of 185m with a useful volume of 562 million m3 of water. The dam is made up of riprap dykes with a total length of 3600 m including 1650 m of riprap dyke and 1950 m of dike in all-terrain embankment. The spillway is located in the upper part of the left bank slope and dimensioned to evacuate the 10,000-year project flood of 3,100 m3/s. The water intake, the hydraulic circuit, the factory and the restitution are arranged on the right bank. The water intake has 2 openings extending by a gallery under the dike of 5 m internal diameter and 190 m long. Each gallery supplies a vertical axis production group equipped with a KAPLAN turbine (unit flow 55 m3/s, unit power 20.06 MW). The power plant is equipped with 3 KAPLAN turbines, and power is evacuated by a single 161 kV line to the 161/63 kV substation in Parakou located 150 km from the factory. Downstream of the plant, a pipe similar to that of restitution allows the channeling of turbined flows for the benefit of the other functions of the structure which consume water (drinking water and irrigation). Dogo-bis dam: the dam has an estimated total capacity of 1,463 million m3 of water under a normal RN 97 reservoir rating for useful capacity 1076 million m3. The feasibility study carried out by SINOHYDRO in 2016 after topographic reconnaissance by air (LIDAR) revised the useful volume of 1,463 million m3. It is a mixed dam (including a pass dyke and a pass access road pass / embankment) in embankments and in BCR (Compacted Rolled Concrete) of 3.1 km for a maximum height of 54 m on foundation in the case of a crest set at dimension 100 for the BCR part (101 elsewhere), integrating in its central part on the left bank side, a spillway. The hydroelectric plant is of located downstream of the factory water intakes, in the central part of the Ouémé river. It is equipped with 4 vertical axis production groups equipped with a FRANCIS8 turbine (unit flow 83.9 m3 / s, unit power 32.225 MW). The evacuation of the power produced is ensured by a single 69 km 161 kV line from the right bank. A connection station to the existing network is also planned at the end of the new line (70 at the 63/20 kV substation at Onigbolo). 2. Enhancing sustainable water, energy and food security in central Africa in a changing climate through the implementation of a nexus approach (Cameroon, Chad, Congo, RCA, Sao Tome and Principe) Organization of awareness-raising and capacity building events of key stakeholders on the WEF nexus approach; Participatory processes involving key stakeholders at the national and regional levels; National nexus situational analysis reports are prepared for five countries in the ECCAS region, and for the ECCAS region. Pilot projects to demonstrate the merits of the WEF nexus approach to address the challenges of enhancing water, energy, food security and environmental stability in central Africa are identified at country level. WEFE regional nexus strategy and action plan to facilitate nexus investment and enhance the enabling environment is developed and adopted. A detailed nexus project document for Central Africa to operationalize the framework/strategy is developed with priority nexus projects identified. 3. Demonstrating tangibles of upgraded hydrological monitoring system and Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus and promoting related Employability & Entrepreneurship options (Tunisia) At least five (05) technical interventions on upgraded hydrological monitoring, WEFE Nexus/ Non-conventional Water Resources (NCWR) fields will be screened and prioritized in close collaboration with national and local partners, and financing options for their materialization explored with a range of partners, including multilateral donors, bilateral donors and private financiers. Options for flood management & Nexus technical interventions may include, but not limited to: o the standardization of the national monitoring network for hydrological data to align the WMO requirements in terms of quality assessment and standards, o the development of the exchange platform with the different stakeholders in management of the extreme events (flash floods, inundations, etc.), o the development of required hydrological products and services in the framework of the FEWS (Flood Early Warning System for Inundation), by promoting the flood forecasting in the national scale, o the strengthening of national and regional capacity for hydrological and hydro-meteorological data gathering, monitoring analysis and modelling. o Optimisation of water distribution network efficiency, powered by renewable sources; o Development of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system as a decision support tool for energy efficiency in water distribution networks, connecting dams. o Demo NCWR applications, like rainwater and stormwater harvesting, greywater recycling, (re)use of brackish water, solar powered desalination, etc. coupled with renewable energy sources, focusing on supporting sustainable agriculture; o Optimisation of existing infrastructure, like traditional rainwater harvesting systems (reservoirs, wadis, etc.), small dams for increased capacity and efficiency, water reuse etc., focusing on supporting sustainable agriculture or domestic uses, while considering environmental needs; o Optimisation of irrigation management for sustainable farming, through Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, powered by renewable energy sources; o Development of a WEFE Nexus decision support tool, integrating data on water, energy, food and climate, allowing understanding of how land uses changes and new water infrastructure and would affect WEFE sectors, in support of local development plans. 4. Climate Resilient Systems for SADC Water Sector: SADC Hydrological Information System (SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa - all 16 SADC countries) Restoration of functionality to hydrological stations damaged during recent climate disasters; setup a user requirement process for hydrological data and services and an assessment of current capacities, develop a water monitoring system taking into account innovative technologies allowing to modernise and upgrade monitoring equipment and systems to provide enhanced hydrological information; in an efficient and sustainable way, implement centralised regional hydrological database and data sharing solutions; develop required hydrological products and services in the framework of the Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS), supported by climate outlooks, and strengthen climate change resilience through the development and provision of contextually-appropriate, accessible, hydrological information products, and strengthen national and regional capacity for hydrological analysis and climate forecasting. Drawing on its mandate to mobilise resources for water in the SADC region and building on the SADC Hydrological Information System, the SADC Water Fund will also further develop the AIP in the SADC region to mobilise water investments to benefit all SADC member’s states in line with the SADC Water Fund’s mandate. The support will include targeted interventions such as the climate proofing of the SADC’s North-South Transport Corridor border town of Livingstone described in the project below. 5. Climate-proofed water and sanitation system for the SADC’s North-South Transport Corridor border town of Livingstone (SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa -Zambia): Climate proofing and upgrading of existing pumping infrastructure. A detailed survey will be undertaken before project implementation to verify inlet operation at this level. Improved metering and rehabilitation of the raw water treatment i.e. cleaning, refurbishment and replacement of defunct parts to: i) optimise treatment efficiency; and ii) enable adequate monitoring of water losses. Upgrading of the existing distribution infrastructure by: i) replacing existing pipes to reduce leakages and bursts; ii) constructing elevated tanks to ensure continuity of supply; rehabilitation and upgrading of sewage ponds including i) extending the existing sewerage network to currently underserviced areas; ii) upgrading and expanding sewage treatment capacity; and iii) implementing methane capture and electricity generation. 6. Strengthening Drought Resilience for Smallholder Farmers and Pastoralists in the IGAD Region (Uganda - Djibouti, Kenya, Sudan): modified rainwater harvesting structures and water storage systems e.g. simplified water jars, rock water harvesting techniques; construction of sunken sand dams, water ponds and mini irrigation systems to support crops during water stress as well as restoration of degraded water catchments, e.g. construction of boreholes and water wells and roadside water harvesting; and installation of solar pumps and alternative energy sources e.g. solar and energy saving stoves. Innovations to be promoted in energy saving space are: interlocking blocks, charcoal brickets - manufactured from household waste. 7. Enhancing resilience of communities to climate change through catchment based integrated management of water and related resources (EURECCA – Uganda) Tree nurseries, improved cook stove technologies, biophysical and water harvesting technologies, bee keeping, hand crafts. 8. Zambia Water Resources Infrastructure Development Project (Zambia): Development of small water resource infrastructure in support of integrated water based rural business development and promotion i.e. development of water resource infrastructure for major demand centers and industries, increasing of strategic National water storage facilities for future use and climate resilience, and development of strategic inter-basin/ catchment water transfer schemes; Domestic Water Development i.e. rural water supply and sanitation development aimed at 100 % coverage by 2050, and, water supply and sanitation for the urban poor aimed at 100 % coverage by 2050, development of piped water supply and recyclable sanitation facilities for selected rural and high density urban areas, enhancement of water supply and sanitation infrastructure for major demand centers and industries including recycling of waste water; Water sector human and institutional development; and, Water resources Management and Environmental Protection.
Market Size	The programme will support and benefit 550 million people with the following headline results: (1) $10 billion investments leveraged by 2030 toward Agenda 2063, SDG 6, stimulate job creation and growth; (2) Stalled priority water infrastructure projects ‘unblocked’ and project preparation accelerated; (3) Africa Water-Health-Energy-Food Nexus Operational Framework adopted by AU member states; (4) Transboundary hydropower projects adopt multipurpose ‘water-healthy-food-energy’ nexus approach; (5) 550 million people benefit from opportunities generated, root causes of migration addressed; (6) 2 million indirect jobs created for vulnerable, poor youth, women and girls; and (7) 250 thousand direct jobs created through investments in water and sustainable sanitation. Market Size by Country: 1. Benin (12 million people): Development project for large multi-purpose hydroelectric dams on the Ouémé river-$ 1.531 Billion; 2. ECCAS (158 million people) : Enhancing sustainable water, energy and food security in Central Africa in a changing climate through the implementation of a nexus approach-$2 million; 3. Tunisia: Demonstrating tangibles of upgraded hydrology monitoring systems and flood management, Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus and promoting related Employability & Entrepreneurship options (Tunisia)-$2.5 million; 4.SADC (327 million people) Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa: Climate Resilient Systems for SADC Water Sector: SADC Hydrological Information System- $45 million; 5. SADC Water Fund hosted by the Development Bank of Southern Africa: Climate-proofed water and sanitation system for Livingstone, Zambia - $ 30.4 million; 6. Uganda : Strengthening Drought Resilience for Smallholder Farmers and Pastoralists in the IGAD Region- $13.1 million; 7. Uganda: Enhancing resilience of communities to climate change through catchment based integrated management of water and related resources-$7.75 million; and 8. Zambia: Zambia Water Resources Infrastructure Development Project-$200 million. The AIP project finances required to catalyse these projects is 25 million (On average 5 million USD per region; for Capacity development on transboundary cooperation, Stakeholder consultations, and mainstreaming WHEF and gender and social inclusivity.
Project Financial (in USD)	The Total Project Financial Cost of the Continental Africa Water Investment Programme covering all RECS is: $1.86 Billion. This is broken down as follows: (i) ECOWAS-Benin ($1.531 Billion), (ii) ECCAS ($2 million), (iii) IGAD ($20.850 million), (iv) UMA-Tunisia ($ 2.5 million), (v) SADC ($300.4 million), including coordination costs of the Continental Programme, Capacity development, Stakeholder consultations, and mainstreaming water-health (Covid19)-energy-food security nexus and mainstreaming of gender and youth)
Gender Procurement actions	Gender mainstreaming is an integral part of program delivery, and will be mainstreamed at all stages of project implementation, as per AIP program gender strategy. The project will mobilise and build capacity for regional project stakeholders to deliver on the gender sensitive procurement related actions that PIDA supports specific projects on, including (but not limited to): (i) Actions that may support preferential procurement of women-owned SMEs or gender-certified businesses as subcontractors, (ii) Capacity building of contractors and state institutions in methodologies for increasing women’s participation; (iii) Training women business owners to get appropriate national certification; (iv) Evaluation criteria in the bidding documents that are drafted with the aim to encourage female suppliers or vendors, (v) Establish standards for bidders to demonstrate track-records with regard to promoting gender-inclusive activities; and (vi) Establishing gender responsive monitoring and reporting systems. Benchmarking and monitoring are key in assuring that the proposed impact of this feature is achieved.
Last Milestone Known	S1 - Project Definition

Title	Mr.
First Name	Graham
Last Name	Chingambu
Position	Programme Manager
Organisation	SADC Water Fund
Email 1	GrahamC@dbsa.org
Email 2 (Optional)	alex.simalabwi@gwp.org
Country	South Africa

Title	Eng.
First Name	Kenneth
Last Name	Nyundu
Position	Director for Water Resources Development
Organisation	Department of Water Resources development, Ministry of Water Development, Sanitation & Environmental Protection.
Email 1	kennethnyundu@gmail.com
Email 2 (Optional)	flosika@yahoo.com
Country	Zambia

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